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كيف يساعد النوم على قهر المرض؟

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يلاحظ كثيرون تحسّن الحالة الصحية للمرضى بعد النوم، لأن الجسم “يعيد برمجة” الخلايا المناعية أثناء النوم، ما يجعلها تحارب العدوى بفعالية أكبر.

وتشير لوتشيانا بيسيدوفسكي من جامعة توبنغن الألمانية في مقال نشرته مجلة Journal of Experimental Medicine، إلى أن “النوم يرفع من فعالية عمل الخلايا التائية ورد فعلها على مختلف التهديدات، وهذه خاصية مهمة للغاية، إذا ما أخذنا بالاعتبار اضطرابات النوم المنتشرة على نطاق واسع حاليا، وكذلك المشكلات التي تسببها مثل الاكتئاب والإجهاد”.

ووفقا للعلماء، فإن الدماغ والنظام الهرموني للجسم ينتج دائما نوعين من الإشارات، منها نوع يجبر الجسم على النوم والآخر يمنعه من النوم. وتؤثر التقلبات في قوة هذه الإشارات على قدرتنا في النوم ليلا والاستيقاظ صباحا، وأي خلل في هذا يؤدي إلى الأرق أو إلى النوم القهري.

واكتشف العلماء في السنوات الأخيرة تأثير هذه الإشارات ليس فقط على الرغبة في النوم، وإنما أيضا في عمل مختلف نظم خلايا الجسم. فمثلا، يرتبط اضطراب النوم بمرض ألزهايمر وشيخوخة جميع خلايا الجسم وغيرها من المشكلات، حيث اكتشف الفريق العلمي الذي ترأسه بيسيدوفسكي أن النوم يؤثر على عمل الجسم وعلى قدرة الخلايا التائية، المسؤولة عن المناعة، في التعرف على الخلايا المصابة وقتلها.

وتجدر الإشارة هنا إلى أن العلماء اكتشفوا قبل حوالي 10 سنوات أن الجسم يفرز نوعين من الإشارات التي تؤثر على الخلايا التائية، بعضها تحفز خلايا المناعة والبعض الآخر يحدّ من عملها.

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ولمعرفة كيفية تأثير هذه الإشارات، جمع الباحثون وحللوا عينات من الدم تعود لأشخاص مصابين بفيروس مضخم للخلايا، حيث لاحظوا أن كمية المكونات التي تقمع خلايا المناعة تنخفض خلال النوم. وبعد ذلك، أجروا تجربة قسّموا فيها المتطوعين المصابين إلى مجموعتين، سمحوا لأفراد الأولى بالنوم في النهار ومنعوا أفراد الثانية، ليتوصلوا إلى أن منظومة المناعة لدى الذين ناموا في النهار تحسنت بصورة ملحوظة.

المصدر: نوفوستي

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